Canada’s inflation rate perked up in October, weakening the case for the Bank of Canada to make another outsized cut to interest rates next month.
The Consumer Price Index rose at an annual rate of 2 per cent in October, rising from 1.6 per cent in September, Statistics Canada said Tuesday in a report. Financial analysts were expecting an upturn to 1.9 per cent.
The inflation rate was guided higher by less flattering year-over-year calculations for gasoline prices and hefty increases in property taxes. On a monthly basis, the CPI rose 0.4 per cent.
Reaction and analysis: Canada’s inflation rate jumps back up to 2% in October
The Bank of Canada is unlikely to be fazed by the increase in headline inflation, which has been at or below the central bank’s 2-per-cent target for three consecutive months. The BoC is firmly entrenched in a rate-cutting cycle to stimulate the economy, flagging concerns that inflation could settle below the target.
But Tuesday’s report also showed that certain core measures of inflation – which strip out volatile movements in the CPI – heated up last month. This could prompt the BoC to shift back to rate cuts of a quarter-percentage-point, after the central bank made a half-point reduction in October.
“The BoC is likely to view today’s data release as a minor setback,” said James Orlando, senior economist at Toronto-Dominion Bank, in a client note. “Inflation had become a background worry, and while it isn’t raising any red flags yet, today’s data is a reminder that getting price growth to settle at 2 per cent will take time.”

Once again, gasoline had a tangible effect on the numbers. Prices rose slightly on a monthly basis, while year over year, the decline in October was less than that of September, thus acting as less of a drag on the headline inflation rate.
Excluding gas, the CPI rose by an annual 2.2 per cent in October, matching the previous two months.
Property taxes rose 6 per cent in October, year over year, up from 4.9 per cent in 2023 and the largest increase since 1992. Statscan makes an annual update to its reading of property taxes every October.
The trend differs for other housing costs. Shelter prices rose 4.8 per cent in October, year over year, compared with 5 per cent in September. Mortgage interest cost increases are slowing as the BoC cuts interest rates, and rents rose by an annual 7.3 per cent, down from 8.2 per cent in September.
Core inflation is likely to turn heads at the Bank of Canada. The central bank’s preferred measures rose at an average annual rate of 2.55 per cent in October, up from 2.35 per cent in September. This suggests inflation is proving a bit stickier than previously assumed.
Investors are dialling back their expectations for the Bank of Canada, partially because of Tuesday’s results. Since June, the BoC has trimmed its benchmark interest rate on four occasions, taking it to 3.75 per cent from 5 per cent.
Traders now see a roughly 30-per-cent chance that the BoC cuts rates by a half-point at the Dec. 11 decision, down from around 40 per cent before the CPI report, according to Bloomberg data. Statscan is releasing several major economic reports in the coming weeks, giving central bankers plenty of additional data to mull over.
Still, expectations around monetary policy have shifted abruptly in recent weeks, particularly in the United States. Federal Reserve chair Jerome Powell said last week that the U.S. central bank wasn’t in a rush to lower interest rates, and investors are pricing in just two or three cuts by the fall of 2025.